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A daemon is a type of background process designed to run continually in the background, waiting for event(s) to occur or condition(s) to be met. These processes typically use minimal system resources and perform tasks which require little to no input from the user. What do you call to the program that runs in the background without you knowing it?Defining Them. Spyware is a type of program that is installed with or without your permission on your personal computers to collect information about users, their computer or browsing habits tracks each and everything that you do without your knowledge and send it to remote user.How do I find hidden programs running in the background?#1: Press “Ctrl + Alt + Delete” and then choose “Task Manager”. Alternatively you can press “Ctrl + Shift + Esc” to directly open task manager. #2: To see a list of processes that are running on your computer, click “processes”. Scroll down to view the list of hidden and visible programs.What do you call a program that runs in the background without knowing it and has the ability to monitor what you are currently doing?A program that runs in the background without you knowing it (thus called "spy". It has the ability to monitor what you are currently doing and typing through keylogging.Whats running in the background on my PC?You can access the Task Manager by pressing the Ctrl + Alt + Del shortcut keys on your keyboard, then select Task Manager. You can also right-click with your mouse on the Windows Taskbar and select Task Manager.How to stop programs running in background windows 10How do I know which background programs to turn off?How to stop background apps using Privacy settings
What apps are running in the background?Process to see what Android apps are currently running in the background involves the following steps-
What is spyware and adware?Spyware and Adware are essentially the same thing. The primary difference is that adware is used to pop-up ads that are meant to be meaningful to you, whereas spyware may pop-up ads that are offensive or have nothing to do with your interests. Both are annoying and can overwhelm your browser with pop-ups.What is spyware in computer?Spyware is malicious software that enters a user's computer, gathers data from the device and user, and sends it to third parties without their consent. A commonly accepted spyware definition is a strand of malware designed to access and damage a device without the user's consent.What is an example of spyware?PhoneSpy. PhoneSpy is an example of a spyware virus that pretends to be a mobile application to gain access to and infect Android mobile devices. This approach allows threat actors to remotely control mobile devices and steal data.What is runs in the background and monitors what you are doing?A background process is a computer process that runs behind the scenes (i.e., in the background) and without user intervention. Typical tasks for these processes include logging, system monitoring, scheduling, and user notification.How do you find out what programs are running in the background on Windows 10?To see what apps run on your machine, search "background apps" and select the first option you see. You will go to System Settings > Background Apps and can see what apps are running in the background on your machine.Is malware a virus?viruses is an important one. Malware is a catch-all term for any type of malicious software, regardless of how it works, its intent, or how it's distributed. A virus is a specific type of malware that self-replicates by inserting its code into other programs.What is ransomware based on Brainly?Ransomware is based on Option (D) Fear of losing important files. Explanation: Ransomware is a malware attack that makes use of the fear of the users. In such attacks, a victim's file is infected via phishing or other spying methods and it restricts the victim's access to their entire data.Which malware is used to steal information from your computer without your knowledge?Spyware collects your personal information and passes it on to interested third parties without your knowledge or consent. Spyware is also known for installing Trojan viruses.What are rootkits used for?The whole purpose of a rootkit is to protect malware. Think of it like an invisibility cloak for a malicious program. This malware is then used by cybercriminals to launch an attack. The malware protected by rootkit can even survive multiple reboots and just blends in with regular computer processes.What is a logic bomb and how does it work?A logic bomb is a malicious piece of code that's secretly inserted into a computer network, operating system, or software application. It lies dormant until a specific condition occurs.What is a Trojan spyware?A Trojan horse program is a malware that is not capable of automatically spreading to other systems. Trojans are usually downloaded from the Internet and installed by unsuspecting users. Trojans, as. Spam Campaign Leads to Azorult Trojan Spyware.What is a scareware virus?Scareware and ransomware are both forms of malicious software or malware. Scareware is malware that attempts to scare users into thinking their device has been infected with a virus and then encourages them to quickly download a program to fix it.What is Runsome virus?Ransomware is malware that employs encryption to hold a victim's information at ransom. A user or organization's critical data is encrypted so that they cannot access files, databases, or applications. A ransom is then demanded to provide access.What is key logger?A keylogger is an insidious form of spyware. You enter sensitive data onto your keyboard, believing nobody is watching. In fact, keylogging software is hard at work logging everything that you type. Keyloggers are activity-monitoring software programs that give hackers access to your personal data.How do I know what background processes should be running?Go through the list of processes to find out what they are and stop any that aren't needed.
How do I close all background apps?Close all apps: Swipe up from the bottom, hold, then let go. Swipe from left to right. On the left, tap Clear all. Close all apps on Android Go: Swipe up from the bottom, hold, and let go.Is it OK to disable all startup programs?As a general rule, it's safe to remove any startup program. If a program starts automatically, it usually provides a service that works best if it's always running, such as an antivirus program. Or, the software may be necessary to access special hardware features, such as proprietary printer software.
Keystroke logging, often referred to as keylogging or keyboard capturing, is the action of recording (logging) the keys struck on a keyboard,[1][2] typically covertly, so that a person using the keyboard is unaware that their actions are being monitored. Data can then be retrieved by the person operating the logging program. A keystroke recorder or keylogger can be either software or hardware. While the programs themselves are legal,[3] with many designed to allow employers to oversee the use of their computers, keyloggers are most often used for stealing passwords and other confidential information.[4][5] Keylogging can also be used to study keystroke dynamics[6] or human-computer interaction. Numerous keylogging methods exist, ranging from hardware and software-based approaches to acoustic cryptanalysis. Application of keyloggerSoftware-based keyloggersA keylogger example of a screen capture, which holds potentially confidential and private information. The image below holds the corresponding keylogger text result. A logfile from a software-based keylogger, based on the screen capture aboveA software-based keylogger is a computer program designed to record any input from the keyboard.[7] Keyloggers are used in IT organizations to troubleshoot technical problems with computers and business networks. Families and businesspeople use keyloggers legally to monitor network usage without their users' direct knowledge. Microsoft publicly stated that Windows 10 has a built-in keylogger in its final version "to improve typing and writing services".[8] However, malicious individuals can use keyloggers on public computers to steal passwords or credit card information. Most keyloggers are not stopped by HTTPS encryption because that only protects data in transit between computers; software-based keyloggers run on the affected user's computer, reading keyboard inputs directly as the user types. From a technical perspective, there are several categories:
Keystroke logging in writing process researchSince 2006, Keystroke logging has been an established research method for the study of writing processes.[13][14] Different programs have been developed to collect online process data of writing activities,[15] including Inputlog, Scriptlog, Translog and GGXLog. Keystroke logging is used legitimately as a suitable research instrument in several writing contexts. These include studies on cognitive writing processes, which include
Keystroke logging can be used to research writing, specifically. It can also be integrated into educational domains for second language learning, programming skills, and typing skills. Related featuresSoftware keyloggers may be augmented with features that capture user information without relying on keyboard key presses as the sole input. Some of these features include:
Hardware-based keyloggersA hardware-based keylogger A connected hardware-based keyloggerHardware-based keyloggers do not depend upon any software being installed as they exist at a hardware level in a computer system.
HistoryIn the mid-1970s, the Soviet Union developed and deployed a hardware keylogger targeting typewriters. Termed the "selectric bug", it measured the movements of the print head of IBM Selectric typewriters via subtle influences on the regional magnetic field caused by the rotation and movements of the print head.[36] An early keylogger was written by Perry Kivolowitz and posted to the Usenet newsgroup net.unix-wizards, net.sources on November 17, 1983.[37] The posting seems to be a motivating factor in restricting access to /dev/kmem on Unix systems. The user-mode program operated by locating and dumping character lists (clients) as they were assembled in the Unix kernel. In the 1970s, spies installed keystroke loggers in the US Embassy and Consulate buildings in Moscow.[38][39] They installed the bugs in Selectric II and Selectric III electric typewriters.[40] Soviet embassies used manual typewriters, rather than electric typewriters, for classified information—apparently because they are immune to such bugs.[40] As of 2013, Russian special services still use typewriters.[39][41][42] CrackingWriting simple software applications for keylogging can be trivial, and like any nefarious computer program, can be distributed as a trojan horse or as part of a virus. What is not trivial for an attacker, however, is installing a covert keystroke logger without getting caught and downloading data that has been logged without being traced. An attacker that manually connects to a host machine to download logged keystrokes risks being traced. A trojan that sends keylogged data to a fixed e-mail address or IP address risks exposing the attacker. TrojansResearchers Adam Young and Moti Yung discussed several methods of sending keystroke logging. They presented a deniable password snatching attack in which the keystroke logging trojan is installed using a virus or worm. An attacker who is caught with the virus or worm can claim to be a victim. The cryptotrojan asymmetrically encrypts the pilfered login/password pairs using the public key of the trojan author and covertly broadcasts the resulting ciphertext. They mentioned that the ciphertext can be steganographically encoded and posted to a public bulletin board such as Usenet.[43][44] Use by policeIn 2000, the FBI used FlashCrest iSpy to obtain the PGP passphrase of Nicodemo Scarfo, Jr., son of mob boss Nicodemo Scarfo.[45] Also in 2000, the FBI lured two suspected Russian cybercriminals to the US in an elaborate ruse, and captured their usernames and passwords with a keylogger that was covertly installed on a machine that they used to access their computers in Russia. The FBI then used these credentials to gain access to the suspects' computers in Russia to obtain evidence to prosecute them.[46] CountermeasuresThe effectiveness of countermeasures varies because keyloggers use a variety of techniques to capture data and the countermeasure needs to be effective against the particular data capture technique. In the case of Windows 10 keylogging by Microsoft, changing certain privacy settings may disable it.[47] An on-screen keyboard will be effective against hardware keyloggers; transparency[clarification needed] will defeat some—but not all—screen loggers. An anti-spyware application that can only disable hook-based keyloggers will be ineffective against kernel-based keyloggers. Keylogger program authors may be able to update their program's code to adapt to countermeasures that have proven effective against it. Anti-keyloggersAn anti-keylogger is a piece of software specifically designed to detect keyloggers on a computer, typically comparing all files in the computer against a database of keyloggers, looking for similarities which might indicate the presence of a hidden keylogger. As anti-keyloggers have been designed specifically to detect keyloggers, they have the potential to be more effective than conventional antivirus software; some antivirus software do not consider keyloggers to be malware, as under some circumstances a keylogger can be considered a legitimate piece of software.[48] Live CD/USBRebooting the computer using a Live CD or write-protected Live USB is a possible countermeasure against software keyloggers if the CD is clean of malware and the operating system contained on it is secured and fully patched so that it cannot be infected as soon as it is started. Booting a different operating system does not impact the use of a hardware or BIOS based keylogger. Anti-spyware / Anti-virus programsMany anti-spyware applications can detect some software based keyloggers and quarantine, disable, or remove them. However, because many keylogging programs are legitimate pieces of software under some circumstances, anti-spyware often neglects to label keylogging programs as spyware or a virus. These applications can detect software-based keyloggers based on patterns in executable code, heuristics and keylogger behaviors (such as the use of hooks and certain APIs). No software-based anti-spyware application can be 100% effective against all keyloggers.[49] Software-based anti-spyware cannot defeat non-software keyloggers (for example, hardware keyloggers attached to keyboards will always receive keystrokes before any software-based anti-spyware application). The particular technique that the anti-spyware application uses will influence its potential effectiveness against software keyloggers. As a general rule, anti-spyware applications with higher privileges will defeat keyloggers with lower privileges. For example, a hook-based anti-spyware application cannot defeat a kernel-based keylogger (as the keylogger will receive the keystroke messages before the anti-spyware application), but it could potentially defeat hook- and API-based keyloggers. Network monitorsNetwork monitors (also known as reverse-firewalls) can be used to alert the user whenever an application attempts to make a network connection. This gives the user the chance to prevent the keylogger from "phoning home" with their typed information. Automatic form filler programsAutomatic form-filling programs may prevent keylogging by removing the requirement for a user to type personal details and passwords using the keyboard. Form fillers are primarily designed for Web browsers to fill in checkout pages and log users into their accounts. Once the user's account and credit card information has been entered into the program, it will be automatically entered into forms without ever using the keyboard or clipboard, thereby reducing the possibility that private data is being recorded. However, someone with physical access to the machine may still be able to install software that can intercept this information elsewhere in the operating system or while in transit on the network. (Transport Layer Security (TLS) reduces the risk that data in transit may be intercepted by network sniffers and proxy tools.) One-time passwords (OTP)Using one-time passwords may prevent unauthorized access to an account which has had its login details exposed to an attacker via a keylogger, as each password is invalidated as soon as it is used. This solution may be useful for someone using a public computer. However, an attacker who has remote control over such a computer can simply wait for the victim to enter their credentials before performing unauthorized transactions on their behalf while their session is active. Security tokensUse of smart cards or other security tokens may improve security against replay attacks in the face of a successful keylogging attack, as accessing protected information would require both the (hardware) security token as well as the appropriate password/passphrase. Knowing the keystrokes, mouse actions, display, clipboard, etc. used on one computer will not subsequently help an attacker gain access to the protected resource. Some security tokens work as a type of hardware-assisted one-time password system, and others implement a cryptographic challenge–response authentication, which can improve security in a manner conceptually similar to one time passwords. Smartcard readers and their associated keypads for PIN entry may be vulnerable to keystroke logging through a so-called supply chain attack[50] where an attacker substitutes the card reader/PIN entry hardware for one which records the user's PIN. On-screen keyboardsMost on-screen keyboards (such as the on-screen keyboard that comes with Windows XP) send normal keyboard event messages to the external target program to type text. Software key loggers can log these typed characters sent from one program to another.[51] Keystroke interference softwareKeystroke interference software is also available.[52] These programs attempt to trick keyloggers by introducing random keystrokes, although this simply results in the keylogger recording more information than it needs to. An attacker has the task of extracting the keystrokes of interest—the security of this mechanism, specifically how well it stands up to cryptanalysis, is unclear. Speech recognitionSimilar to on-screen keyboards, speech-to-text conversion software can also be used against keyloggers, since there are no typing or mouse movements involved. The weakest point of using voice-recognition software may be how the software sends the recognized text to target software after the user's speech has been processed. Handwriting recognition and mouse gesturesMany PDAs and lately tablet PCs can already convert pen (also called stylus) movements on their touchscreens to computer understandable text successfully. Mouse gestures use this principle by using mouse movements instead of a stylus. Mouse gesture programs convert these strokes to user-definable actions, such as typing text. Similarly, graphics tablets and light pens can be used to input these gestures, however, these are becoming less common.[timeframe?] The same potential weakness of speech recognition applies to this technique as well. Macro expanders/recordersWith the help of many programs, a seemingly meaningless text can be expanded to a meaningful text and most of the time context-sensitively, e.g. "en.wikipedia.org" can be expanded when a web browser window has the focus. The biggest weakness of this technique is that these programs send their keystrokes directly to the target program. However, this can be overcome by using the 'alternating' technique described below, i.e. sending mouse clicks to non-responsive areas of the target program, sending meaningless keys, sending another mouse click to the target area (e.g. password field) and switching back-and-forth. Deceptive typingAlternating between typing the login credentials and typing characters somewhere else in the focus window[53] can cause a keylogger to record more information than it needs to, but this could be easily filtered out by an attacker. Similarly, a user can move their cursor using the mouse while typing, causing the logged keystrokes to be in the wrong order e.g., by typing a password beginning with the last letter and then using the mouse to move the cursor for each subsequent letter. Lastly, someone can also use context menus to remove, cut, copy, and paste parts of the typed text without using the keyboard. An attacker who can capture only parts of a password will have a larger key space to attack if they choose to execute a brute-force attack. Another very similar technique uses the fact that any selected text portion is replaced by the next key typed. e.g., if the password is "secret", one could type "s", then some dummy keys "asdf". These dummy characters could then be selected with the mouse, and the next character from the password "e" typed, which replaces the dummy characters "asdf". These techniques assume incorrectly that keystroke logging software cannot directly monitor the clipboard, the selected text in a form, or take a screenshot every time a keystroke or mouse click occurs. They may, however, be effective against some hardware keyloggers. See also
References
External linksMedia related to Keystroke logging at Wikimedia Commons
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