Calculus, renal: A stone in the kidney (or lower down in the urinary tract). Also called a kidney stone. The stones themselves are called renal caluli. The word "calculus" (plural: calculi) is the Latin word for pebble. Renal stones are a common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. Kidney stones occur in 1 in 20 people at
some time in their life. The development of the stones is related to decreased urine volume or increased excretion of stone-forming components such as calcium, oxalate, urate, cystine, xanthine, and phosphate. The stones form in the urine collecting area (the pelvis) of the kidney and may range in size from tiny to staghorn stones the size of the renal pelvis itself. The cystine stones (below) compared in size to a quarter (a U.S. $0.25 coin) were obtained from the kidney of a
young woman by percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNL), a procedure for crushing and removing the dense stubborn stones characteristic of cystinuria. The pain with kidney stones is usually of sudden onset, very severe and colicky (intermittent), not improved by changes in position, radiating from the back, down the flank, and into the groin. Nausea and vomiting are common. Factors predisposing to kidney stones include recent reduction in fluid intake, increased exercise with dehydration, medications that cause hyperuricemia (high uric acid) and a history of gout. Treatment includes relief of pain, hydration and, if there is concurrent urinary infection, antibiotics. The majority of stones pass spontaneously within 48 hours. However, some stones may not. There are several factors which influence the ability to pass a stone. These include the size of the person, prior stone passage, prostate enlargement, pregnancy, and the size of the stone. A 4 mm stone has an 80% chance of passage while a 5 mm stone has a 20% chance. If a stone does not pass, certain procedures (usually done by a urology specialist) may be needed. The process of stone formation is called nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis. "Nephrolithiasis" is derived from the Greek nephros- (kidney) lithos (stone) = kidney stone "Urolithiasis" is from the French word "urine" which, in turn, stems from the Latin "urina" and the Greek "ouron" meaning urine = urine stone. QUESTIONWhat causes tooth decay? See AnswerFromOverviewKidney stones (also called renal calculi, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis) are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. Diet, excess body weight, some medical conditions, and certain supplements and medications are among the many causes of kidney stones. Kidney stones can affect any part of your urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder. Often, stones form when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together. Passing kidney stones can be quite painful, but the stones usually cause no permanent damage if they're recognized in a timely fashion. Depending on your situation, you may need nothing more than to take pain medication and drink lots of water to pass a kidney stone. In other instances — for example, if stones become lodged in the urinary tract, are associated with a urinary infection or cause complications — surgery may be needed. Your doctor may recommend preventive treatment to reduce your risk of recurrent kidney stones if you're at increased risk of developing them again. SymptomsA kidney stone usually will not cause symptoms until it moves around within the kidney or passes into one of the ureters. The ureters are the tubes that connect the kidneys and bladder. If a kidney stone becomes lodged in the ureters, it may block the flow of urine and cause the kidney to swell and the ureter to spasm, which can be very painful. At that point, you may experience these symptoms:
Other signs and symptoms may include:
Pain caused by a kidney stone may change — for instance, shifting to a different location or increasing in intensity — as the stone moves through your urinary tract. When to see a doctorMake an appointment with your doctor if you have any signs and symptoms that worry you. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
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information, we will treat all of that information as protected health information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of privacy practices. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. CausesKidney stones often have no definite, single cause, although several factors may increase your risk. Kidney stones form when your urine contains more crystal-forming substances — such as calcium, oxalate and uric acid — than the fluid in your urine can dilute. At the same time, your urine may lack substances that prevent crystals from sticking together, creating an ideal environment for kidney stones to form. Types of kidney stonesKnowing the type of kidney stone you have helps determine its cause, and may give clues on how to reduce your risk of getting more kidney stones. If possible, try to save your kidney stone if you pass one so that you can bring it to your doctor for analysis. Types of kidney stones include:
Risk factorsFactors that increase your risk of developing kidney stones include:
Apa yang dimaksud dengan Calculus of Kidney?Pengertian Batu Ginjal. Penyakit batu ginjal atau nefrolitiasis adalah kondisi akibat terbentuknya endapan padat di dalam ginjal yang berasal dari zat kimia dalam urine. Ukuran batu ginjal bisa mulai dari sekecil butiran pasir hingga sebesar kacang polong.
Batu ginjal tidak boleh makan apa?Beberapa pantangan batu ginjal di antaranya adalah sebagai berikut.. Asupan tinggi garam. ... . Makanan tinggi oksalat. ... . 3. Protein hewani. ... . Minuman bersoda dan tinggi gula. ... . Obat-obatan tertentu. ... . 6. Kurang minum air. ... . 5 Daftar Bahan Alami yang Bisa Bantu Hancurkan Batu Ginjal.. Makanan apa yang bisa menyebabkan batu ginjal?10 Makanan Penyebab Batu Ginjal yang Perlu Kamu Hindari. Garam/ Sodium. ... . Makanan Kemasan. ... . 3. Protein Hewani (Daging, ikan, telur) ... . Minuman Bersoda/Minuman Ringan. ... . Gula. ... . 6. Teh, Kopi, Cokelat Kafein. ... . 7. Bayam, Kembang Kol, Asparagus. ... . Makanan Berlemak.. Apa yg dirasakan jika terkena batu ginjal?Gejala Batu Ginjal
Gejala ringan hingga kuat yang umum muncul adalah sebagai berikut: Rasa nyeri hebat di punggung atau di bawah tulang rusuk. Nyeri di area selangkangan dan perut bagian bawah. Rasa sakit yang datang dan pergi dengan tingkat rasa sakit yang bervariasi.
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