1 Jennifer, age 45, is a Girl Scout leader. She really enjoys giving to and guiding the next generation. 2 Martin, age 47, is single and has no children. Which of Martin’s activities reflects generativity? C) He volunteers at the YMCA as a coach and as a “big brother” to preadolescent boys. 3 Childless middle-aged adults __________. A) become generative as mentors in the workplace, community volunteers, or in family relationships 4 The negative outcome of Erikson’s midlife stage, stagnation, focuses on __________. 5 Adults with a sense of stagnation may express their self-absorption through __________. B) taking little interest in being productive at work 6 Highly generative people appear especially __________. 7 Which parent is most likely to be generative? C) Princess, who is authoritative 8 Which statement about generativity and stagnation is true? B) Among well-educated women, those with children express greater generative concerns. 9 Especially in individualistic societies, __________ may help preserve generative commitments. C) belonging to a religious community 10 According to Levinson, middle adulthood begins with a __________. 11 Betty just celebrated her fiftieth birthday. She marked the occasion by taking hang-gliding lessons and purchasing a more mature wardrobe. According to Levinson, Betty is engaged in which developmental 12 Which middle-aged man is likely to be highly sensitive about the physical changes of aging? D) Jack, a non-college-educated construction worker 13 As Angelo approaches age 50, he feels increasingly disheartened about his poor relationship with histwo sons. At work, he volunteers to mentor a young new hire who is about the age of his oldest boy. According to Levinson, Angelo is confronting which developmental task? 14 __________ is associated with favorable personality traits and adjustment. 15 Marcus, age 53, is spending a lot of time caring for his young grandson. His subordinates at work havenoticed that he has become a kinder, more compassionate boss. According to Levinson, Marcus is engaged in which developmental task? C) masculinity–femininity 16 In Levinson’s engagement–separateness task, men and women with successful careers may B) reduce their concern with achievement 17 Darlene, who spent her early adulthood devoted to child rearing, is engaged in Levinson’s C) pursuing a long-desired ambition 18 Which statement is true about people who flexibly modify their identities in response to age-related A) They are higher in self-esteem. 19 Deangelo, age 52, has been unemployed for 18 months. Having spent his entire life living below thepoverty line, Deangelo often felt like he never found a respected place in society. Deangelo is probably directing his energies toward __________. 20 According to Vaillant, __________ is a major preoccupation of midlife. 21 Which statement is true about research regarding the midlife crisis? D) Vaillant saw examples of a slow and steady change, rather than a crisis. 22 When MIDUS participants were asked to describe “turning points” that had occurred during the past 23 Negative turning points described by MIDUS participants __________. C) generally led to personal growth 24 The majority of MIDUS participants who reported experiencing a midlife crisis __________. B) defined such events much more loosely than researchers do 25 Among a nationally representative sample of Americans, life regrets centered mainly on __________. B) romantic and family relationships 26 Experiencing regrets is consistently associated with __________. D) less favorable psychological well-being 27 __________ is common during middle age. 28 Gilles, age 50, tells his brother, “I’d like to maintain my physical health and work on gettingemotionally stronger. I want to be a good friend and a role model to my kids. I don’t want to be that guywho never comes to family get-togethers because he is too busy working. I want to be successful in my career, but not at the expense of my family.” Gilles is discussing his __________. 29 Possible selves are the __________ dimension of self-concept. 30 Which statement is true about possible selves? A) They may be an especially strong motivator of action in midlife. 31 Throughout adulthood, the personality traits people assign to their current selves show __________. B) considerable stability 32 Adults in their early twenties __________. C) mention many possible selves 33 With age, possible selves become __________. 34 Cate, age 49, acknowledges that she has both good and bad qualities, yet she feels positively about Cate exhibits __________. 35 __________ increase(s) from early to middle adulthood. 36 Compared with younger people, middle-aged adults see themselves as __________. B) capable of effectively managing a complex array of tasks 37 Jay, age 50, is finally comfortable with himself. He is more independent, assertive, and committed to 38 Hart volunteers with Habitat for Humanity. When he is at a work site, he is so engrossed in activity 39 Which statement is true about psychological well-being in midlife? B) The role of marriage in mental health increases with age, becoming a powerful predictor by late 40 In comparisons of Japanese and Korean adults with same-age U.S. MIDUS participants, __________. C) Japanese and Koreans’ highest well-being scores were on positive relations with others 41 Nat is 42. His sister, Kiana, is 25. Which statement is the most likely to be true, based solely on their B) Nat is more likely than Kiana to anticipate and plan ways to handle future discomforts. 42 Many studies of the late twentieth and early-twenty-first century reported __________ in midlife. D) increased androgyny in men and women 43 In recently gathered self-reports, __________. B) men’s and women’s endorsement of “masculine” and “feminine” traits showed little change throughout 44 Some evidence reveals a link between children’s departure from the home and __________. D) men’s greater openness to the “feminine” side of their personalities 45 In longitudinal research, __________ gained most in dominance, assertiveness, and outspokenness by B) women who attained high status in their careers 46 In adulthood, __________ is associated with cognitive flexibility, creativity, advanced moral 47 Sudie is calm, even-tempered, self-content, comfortable, unemotional, and hardy. She is low in which 48 Guy is reserved, quiet, passive, sober, and emotionally unreactive. He is low in which “big five” 49 Individuals who are high in agreeableness are __________. D) soft-hearted, trusting, generous, acquiescent, lenient, and good-natured 50 Nora is imaginative, creative, original, curious, and liberal. She is high in which “big five” personality C) openness to experience 51 Individuals who are low in conscientiousness are __________. B) negligent, lazy, disorganized, late, aimless, and nonpersistent 52 Gregor, age 17, is high in conscientiousness. Gregor __________. A) can anticipate that this trait will increase through middle age 53 Neuroticism __________ from adolescence through middle age. 54 Which statement is true about the “big five” personality traits? C) Individual differences in the “big five” traits are large and highly stable. 55 The term “empty nest” is no longer used to refer to the middle adulthood phase of the family life cycle B) it implies a negative transition 56 During the phase of “launching children and moving on,” __________. C) most people experience a sense of completion and liberation 57 Which statement is true about couples in their forties, fifties, and sixties? B) In interviews, lesbian couples describe more openness and honesty in sharing thoughts and feelings 58 Which statement is true about divorce in midlife? C) In the United States, the divorce rate among adults age 50 and over has doubled in the past two 59 __________ have become the majority of the adult population living in poverty, regardless of age and D) Women who support themselves or their families 60 In her first relationship following her divorce, 48-year-old Edwina reevaluated what she considered B) greater weight on equal friendship 61 Less is known about long-term adjustment following divorce among middle-aged men, perhaps D) most enter new relationships and remarry within a short time 62 Which statement is true about launching children and moving on? A) Most parents adjust well to their children’s departure from the home. 63 Which young adult is likely to move out of the parental home at the youngest age? D) Kevin from the United States 64 Whether or not they reside with parents, young-adult children who __________ can prompt parental B) are “off-time” in development 65 Throughout middle adulthood, parents of grown children __________. B) give more financial support to the children than they receive 66 __________ parents give more overall support to their grown children. 67 After all five of her children struck out on their own, Naomi made sure everyone stayed in touch bycreating a family blog. She also took charge of gathering the family for celebrations. Naomi is her family’s __________. 68 Preston and Mei are about to become grandparents for the first time. They believe thatgrandparenthood is highly important because they will leave behind not just one but two generations after death. Which gratification of grandparenthood is probably most important to them? D) immortality through descendants 69 A person who lists being a valued older adult as a gratification of grandparenthood especially values A) being perceived as a wise, helpful person 70 Neil and Mark cannot wait to spoil their granddaughter. They love the idea of having fun with her allday and then sending her home with their son when she gets tired and cranky. Which gratification of grandparenthood is probably most important to them? 71 __________ is the strongest predictor of frequent, face-to-face interaction with young grandchildren. 72 Which grandparent is likely to report more frequent visits with grandchildren? C) Lashawn, a maternal grandmother 73 Which maternal grandmother is most likely to be the preferred caregiver of her grandchildren while D) Lupe, a Mexican-American homemaker 74 Which statement is true about grandparents who take full responsibility for raising their D) They often experience considerable emotional and financial strain. 75 Which statement is true about grandparents? B) Relationships with daughter-in-law or son-in-law strongly affect the closeness of grandchild ties. 76 Which caregiving grandparents are especially likely to be living in extreme poverty while caring for C) the Wynns, who are Native American 77 Compared with children in divorced, single-parent families, blended families, or foster families, A) fare better in adjustment 78 Which statement is true about middle-aged children and their aging parents? C) A longer life expectancy means that adult children and their parents are increasingly likely to grow old 79 Middle-aged men are __________ with aging parents. B) becoming more involved in family responsibilities 80 Cindy, age 48, cares for her two teenage sons and her ailing mother-in-law. Along with her mother,she is also one of a handful of caregivers for her elderly grandmother. Cindy belongs to the __________ generation. 81 Which individual likely provides the most direct care and financial support to aging parents? C) Veronica, a middle-income African-American woman 82 Which statement is true about caring for aging parents? B) As adults move from early to later middle age, the sex difference in parental caregiving declines. 83 The greatest source of stress for middle-aged adults who share a household with an aging parent is 84 Women who quit work in order to take care of an ill aging parent __________. C) fare especially poorly in adjustment, probably due to social isolation 85 Compared with European Americans, Korean-American caregivers of parents with mental disabilities B) experienced more anxiety and depression 86 Which statement is true about sibling relationships in middle adulthood? C) Despite reduced contact, many siblings feel closer in midlife, often in response to major life events. 87 Compared to men, middle-aged women report __________. C) providing their friends with more emotional support 88 C) friendships serve as current sources of pleasure and satisfaction 89 Which statement is true about friendships during midlife? Many midlifers connect regularly with friends through social media. 90 Middle-aged people __________. A) attach great value to the friendship relationship 91 Which statement is true about vocational life in middle adulthood? C) More so than in earlier or later years, people attempt to increase the personal meaning of their 92 The number of older workers __________. D) will rise dramatically over the next few decades 93 When different aspects of jobs are considered, happiness with __________ shows a strong age-related 94 Which middle-aged worker is likely to experience the biggest increase in job satisfaction? C) Rodrigo, a male corporate executive 95 One key characteristic that predicts job satisfaction among middle-aged workers is having 96 Meerab has been teaching middle school for 22 years. As the new school year approaches, she feelsmentally exhausted and unsure if she is making any impact in her students’ lives. Meerab is experiencing __________. D) occurs more often in the helping professions 98 Burnout is linked to __________. 99 Which statement is true about job training for older workers? B) Older workers depend more than younger workers on co-worker encouragement for vocational 100 Which employee is the most likely to be assigned to a prestigious high-level management job? A) Garrett, a European-American man 101 Women who demonstrate __________ in the workplace often encounter prejudice. 102 Kindra, a female senior manager, and Lou, a male senior manager, are both promoted to comparable C) Kindra probably has earned higher performance ratings than Lou. 103 In the United States today, one-third of women-owned firms B) have ethnic minority owners 104 Typically, when a middle-aged worker experiences an extreme career shift, the reason is 105 The average age of retirement declined over the twentieth century in the United States because of C) government-sponsored retirement benefits 106 Many U.S. baby boomers say they __________. D) expect to delay retirement 107 Which statement is true about retirement in the United States? A) Retirees’ income typically drops by 50 percent. 108 Less well-educated people with lower lifetime earnings are the __________ likely to __________. C) least; attend retirement preparation programs |