What is the net ATP gain in glycolysis?

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In glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per glucose?

Possible Answers:

Explanation:

In glycolysis, the net gain of ATP molecules is 2. Two ATP per glucose molecule are required to initiate the process, then a total of four ATP are produced per molecule of glucose.

Which of the following is a compound stored in liver and muscle cells that can be broken down into glucose?

Possible Answers:

Explanation:

Glycogen is the polysaccharide stored in the liver and muscle cells of animals that can be broken down into glucose. Sucrose and fructose are sugars. Starch is a polysaccharide found in plants.

What is the end product of fermentation after glycolysis in animal cells when no oxygen is present?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Lactic acid

Explanation:

Lactic acid is produced in animal cells when no oxygen is present in order to keep making ATP. Alcohol is produced in yeast cells in fermentation. Glucose is broken down in the entire cycle of respiration, and sucrose is a disaccharide.

Glycolysis occurs in which part of the cell?

Possible Answers:

Explanation:

Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol. Recall that glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, which, under aerobic conditions, is further oxidized in the Krebs cycle and electron transport. The mitochondria is the site of the Krebs cycle and electron transport in eukaryotes, while these processes occur in the cytosol and across the cell membrane in prokaryotes.

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate and occurs in what part of the cell?

Possible Answers:

Intermembrane space of the mitochondria

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Correct answer:

Cytoplasm

Explanation:

Glycolysis is the first step taken in cellular respiration and takes place in the cytoplasm while pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation take place inside the mitochondria.

What are the net products of glycolysis?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Explanation:

Glycolysis creates ATP and NADH through substrate level phosphorylation. The net products are 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate molecules. More ATP and high energy electron carriers are produced in the subsequent stages of the metabolic pathway such as pyruvate processing and the citric acid cycle.

For glycolysis to proceed as the first step of cellular respiration, what must be present?

Possible Answers:

2 molecules of

and 1 molecule of glucose

Oxygen, 2 molecule of

, and 1 molecule of sucrose

Correct answer:

2 molecules of and 1 molecule of glucose

Explanation:

Glycolysis starts with the break down of one molecule of glucose via energy input from

to form 2 molecules of

, 4 molecules of

, 2 pyruvate molecules, and

molecules. This step will continue regardless of whether oxygen is present or not.

In the absence of oxygen, another process may be used after glycolysis in humans to small amounts of ATP. What is this process called?

Possible Answers:

Oxidative phosphorylation

Correct answer:

Lactic acid fermentation

Explanation:

Without oxygen the final two steps of cellular respiration (Citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation) can not be performed because it is used as the final electron acceptor. However, the first step, glycolysis produces a small amount of energy in the form of ATP as well as pyruvate and NADH. NADH can be recycle (to be used again in another round of glycolysis) by converting pyruvate to lactic acid. This process is known as lactic acid fermentation.

Which of the following are catabolic reactions?

I. Glycolysis

II. Electron transport chain

III. Citric acid cylce

IV. Photosynthesis

V. Protein synthesis

Possible Answers:

Explanation:

Catabolic reactions are those that breakdown organic molecules into smaller molecules and release energy. Glycolysis involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate,

, and

. Citric acid cycle is a series of reaction that take acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate and produce carbon dioxide,

, and

. Thus, the Krebs cycle is both catabolic and anabolic. Photosynthesis and protein synthesis are both anabolic reactions. In contrast, while oxidative phosphorylation does produce energy in the form of

, is neither catabolic nor anabolic because it simply transfers energy in the form of the electron carrier into

and does breakdown or produce organic molecules.

What is the primary purpose of glycolysis?

Possible Answers:

Production of pyruvate for using in lactic acid fermentation

Production of

through substrate level phosphorylation

Production of pyruvate for eventual use in the citric acid cycle

Production of

Correct answer:

Production of pyruvate for eventual use in the citric acid cycle

Explanation:

Per glucose only

is generated in substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis. Additionally only

is produces per glucose in glycolysis. However the 2 pyruvate that are produced by glycolysis make

and

(along with

) during the citric acid cycle.

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