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Page 2
Molecular determinants that play diverse roles during lumen morphogenesis
| VE-Cadherin | Localizes to adherens junctions in ECs; establishes apicobasal polarity | Mouse, zebrafish, cultured ECs | [17, 19, 26, 36–38] |
| Par complex (Par3-Par6-aPKC) | Promotes endothelial polarization; associates with tight and adherens junctions | Mouse, cultured ECs | [17, 31, 41, 87] |
| Moesin | Localizes to apical membrane; recruits F-actin to apical surface | Mouse, zebrafish | [17, 19] |
| CD34/PODXL | Localize to apical membrane; sialic acids promote cell-cell separation | Mouse, cultured ECs | [17, 26, 27] |
| Rac1/Cdc42 | Localize to vacuolar structures; mediate downstream signaling during intracellular lumen formation | Mouse, zebrafish, cultured ECs | [16, 31, 55, 56, 66, 67, 69] |
| RhoA | Positive and negative roles; modulates proper adhesion to ECM and ROCK-mediated shape changes | Mouse, cultured ECs | [17, 72–74, 76] |
| Rasip1 | Regulates RhoA activity with Arhgap29 to promote lumen formation | Mouse, cultured ECs | [73] |
| Casz1 | Binds and maintains Egfl7 expression in ECs | Xenopus, cultured ECs | [76] |
| Egfl7 | Secreted into ECM and required for initial establishment of lumens but specific function still unknown | Xenopus, zebrafish, cultured ECs | [76, 79] |